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Sponge structure- Have 2
germ layers- ectoderm and endoderm
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Ostia-pores in body wall.
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Oscula- Large opening in the top of the sponge.
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Choanocytes-flagellated cells that move water through the
organism.
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Amoebocytes- have irregular amoeba-like shapes that move around
the mesophyll
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Sponge skeletons
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Skeleton does not have a fixed framework. Most sponges have skeletons made up of
spicules (tiny needles made of
calcium carbonate or silica. There are
some that have spongin (flexible, resilient proteins) in their skeletons as well. Sponges are sessile
(attached to the surface; non-moving.)
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Digestion
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Uses absorption. Uses collar cells to generate movement of water
to bring in food. (Filter feeders).
Digestion
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occurs in each cell.
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Circulatory- None
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Excretory- Gets rid of
wastes through osculum (opening at the top)
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Nervous-None
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Respiratory-Collar cells
draw water in, get oxygen from the water for use in the cells.
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Reproduction
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Can reproduce asexually or sexually. Can fully regenerate when cut into pieces
(asexual), or by budding or by
producing gemmules. Most sponges are
hermaphrodites but produce eggs and sperm at different times to prevent self-fertilization. After fertilization occurs inside the
interior of a sponge, the larvae leaves the adult and attaches itself to another surface.
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